Cytomegalovirus (CMV) - a widespread human disease, with different mechanisms of transmission. In most cases, patients with sufficient immunity from infection occurs without clinical symptoms, in a latent form. At immunosuppression caused by various reasons, the patient, this virus causes a generalized form of the disease.
The source of cytomegalovirus is a sick person with one or another form of the disease or chronic virus carrier. The disease is most contagious in the active phase of primary infection or during an exacerbation. Among the adult population of the pathogen is transmitted mainly through sexual contact.
Route of infection:
vertical (other agencies)
sexual
parenteral
aspirating
oral
Transfer factors are blood, cervical and vaginal secretions, semen, breast milk. Infection can also occur through the donation of organs and tissues, blood transfusion. Cytomegalovirus in pregnant women often leads to infecting the placenta and fetal membranes, and it can be transmitted from mother to child during childbirth (see reproductive tract infections and pregnancy).
A characteristic feature of virus is long. Infection with cytomegalovirus of pregnant women is 60.0%, as nonpregnant women - 1,8% (R.Hildebrandt, 1967). This indicates that pregnancy causes activation of CMV infection, which can occur in women, both in early and late in its terms.